Prof Dr Ahmad Kamruzzaman Majumder :
Dhaka’s old trees, some of which are century old, serve as living witnesses to the city’s history and evolution.
These venerable giants have silently observed the rise and fall of dynasties, the waves of colonialism, and the birth of a nation.
They provide a tangible connection to the past, acting as living monuments that remind us of the city’s rich heritage.
One such remarkable tree is the Dholai Khal Bilati Baanyan tree, believed to be around 500 years old. This colossal tree stands as a testament to the city’s longevity and resilience, surviving the test of time.
It would be prudent to establish comprehensive documentation and historical archives for such trees, detailing their ages, historical contexts, and significance in Dhaka’s history.
This information could be made publicly accessible, allowing residents and scholars to gain a deeper appreciation for the city’s historical roots.
Beyond their historical significance, old trees in Dhaka play a pivotal role in preserving biodiversity.
As urbanization relentlessly encroaches upon natural habitats, these trees provide essential refuges for various species of birds, insects, and other wildlife.
Their large canopies offer shade, shelter, and sustenance to countless creatures, creating a microcosm of biodiversity within the city.
To emphasize their role in biodiversity conservation, Dhaka could establish urban wildlife corridors and green belts, connecting pockets of greenery through which wildlife can move.
These corridors would promote genetic diversity among species, reducing the risk of inbreeding and enhancing the overall health of local ecosystems.
Old trees also contribute significantly to air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through photosynthesis.
This process helps combat air pollution, making Dhaka a healthier place to live.
Moreover, their root systems help prevent soil erosion and filter rainwater, ensuring the city’s water resources remain clean and sustainable.
Urban planners should integrate these ecological services into the city’s environmental policies and sustainability goals.
Dhaka, like many other densely populated cities, experiences the urban heat island effect, wherein urban areas become significantly warmer than surrounding rural regions due to human activities and construction.
This phenomenon has dire consequences, including increased energy consumption, heat-related health issues, and the exacerbation of climate change.
Old trees serve as natural air conditioners for the city. Their dense foliage provides shade and reduces surface temperatures, making urban areas more habitable.
This cooling effect can lower energy consumption, reduce the demand for air conditioning, and alleviate the strain on the city’s power grid during scorching summer months.
In essence, conserving old trees is a sustainable strategy to combat the urban heat island effect, making Dhaka more livable and eco-friendly.
To further address this issue, urban planners should incorporate green infrastructure into the city’s development plans.
This includes the strategic planting of trees in urban areas and the creation of green spaces that facilitate cooling through shade and evaporative cooling.
Dhaka could also explore innovative solutions such as green roofs and vertical gardens to maximize the benefits of greenery in densely populated areas.
The cultural importance of old trees in Dhaka cannot be overstated. These trees are not merely biological entities but are deeply intertwined with the city’s traditions, rituals, and folklore.
Many old trees serve as sacred sites for religious ceremonies and cultural events, adding a spiritual dimension to Dhaka’s urban fabric.
For instance, the centuries-old Bodhi tree at the Dhakeshwari Temple is revered by Hindus as a symbol of enlightenment.
Similarly, the Tamarind tree in the courtyard of the Lalbagh Fort holds historical and cultural significance.
These trees have become integral parts of the city’s identity and are essential in maintaining its cultural heritage.
To promote cultural preservation through tree conservation, Dhaka could organize cultural festivals and events at these significant tree sites.
Educational programs and guided tours can also be offered to residents and tourists to increase awareness of the cultural and historical value of these trees.
By actively involving local communities in the celebration and protection of these trees, their cultural significance can be further amplified.
Old trees contribute significantly to Dhaka’s aesthetics, making the cityscape more attractive and inviting.
Their majestic presence softens the harsh urban environment, providing a sense of tranquility amidst the hustle and bustle.
The sight of these trees, with their sprawling canopies and gnarled trunks, serves as a visual relief from the concrete jungle, promoting a sense of well-being among the city’s inhabitants.
Moreover, these trees offer recreational opportunities. Parks and green spaces adorned with old trees provide residents with places to relax, exercise, and connect with nature.
These green oases are essential for maintaining the physical and mental health of Dhaka’s residents, particularly in a fast-paced urban environment.
Dhaka could invest in the creation and maintenance of urban parks that showcase the city’s old trees. These parks can serve as green lungs within the city, offering residents a respite from urban stressors.
Additionally, integrating walking and cycling paths within these parks would promote a healthier and more sustainable mode of transportation.
Through collective efforts, public awareness, responsible urban planning, and community engagement, we can ensure that Dhaka’s old trees continue to thrive, enriching the city’s heritage and environment for years to come.
In their shade, we find solace, in their presence, we find a connection to our past, and in their conservation, we secure a brighter future for Dhaka.
With concerted efforts, Dhaka can set an example for the world in preserving its natural and cultural heritage, ensuring that its ancient trees remain standing as living testaments to the city’s history and progress.
(The writer is Dean, Faculty of Science, Stamford University Bangladesh).
